diff --git a/cli/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/cli/Program.scala b/cli/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/cli/Program.scala
index 686c90f..0c0a8e3 100644
--- a/cli/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/cli/Program.scala
+++ b/cli/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/cli/Program.scala
@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ trait Program {
   def apply(cliOptions: Seq[ConfigOption]): IO[ExitCode] = {
     implicit val logger: Logger = new PrintLogger()
     for {
-      actions <- Synchronise(defaultStorageService, defaultHashService, cliOptions).valueOrF(handleErrors)
-      events <- handleActions(UnversionedMirrorArchive.default(defaultStorageService), actions)
+      storageService <- defaultStorageService
+      actions <- Synchronise(storageService, defaultHashService, cliOptions).valueOrF(handleErrors)
+      events <- handleActions(UnversionedMirrorArchive.default(storageService), actions)
+      _ <- storageService.shutdown
       _ <- SyncLogging.logRunFinished(events)
     } yield ExitCode.Success
   }
diff --git a/core/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/core/SyncLogging.scala b/core/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/core/SyncLogging.scala
index 3a83056..7784dc3 100644
--- a/core/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/core/SyncLogging.scala
+++ b/core/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/core/SyncLogging.scala
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ trait SyncLogging {
           counters.copy(copied = counters.copied + 1)
         case _: DeleteQueueEvent =>
           counters.copy(deleted = counters.deleted + 1)
-        case ErrorQueueEvent(k, e) =>
-            counters.copy(errors = counters.errors + 1)
+        case ErrorQueueEvent(_, _) =>
+          counters.copy(errors = counters.errors + 1)
         case _ => counters
       }
     }
diff --git a/core/src/test/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/core/SyncSuite.scala b/core/src/test/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/core/SyncSuite.scala
index b542cbb..bf2ec98 100644
--- a/core/src/test/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/core/SyncSuite.scala
+++ b/core/src/test/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/core/SyncSuite.scala
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import cats.data.EitherT
 import cats.effect.IO
 import net.kemitix.thorp.core.Action.{ToCopy, ToDelete, ToUpload}
 import net.kemitix.thorp.domain.MD5HashData.{Leaf, Root}
-import net.kemitix.thorp.domain.StorageQueueEvent.{CopyQueueEvent, DeleteQueueEvent, UploadQueueEvent}
+import net.kemitix.thorp.domain.StorageQueueEvent.{CopyQueueEvent, DeleteQueueEvent, ShutdownQueueEvent, UploadQueueEvent}
 import net.kemitix.thorp.domain._
 import net.kemitix.thorp.storage.api.{HashService, StorageService}
 import org.scalatest.FunSpec
@@ -175,5 +175,8 @@ class SyncSuite
     override def delete(bucket: Bucket,
                         remoteKey: RemoteKey): IO[DeleteQueueEvent] =
       IO.pure(DeleteQueueEvent(remoteKey))
+
+    override def shutdown: IO[StorageQueueEvent] =
+      IO.pure(ShutdownQueueEvent())
   }
 }
diff --git a/domain/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/domain/StorageQueueEvent.scala b/domain/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/domain/StorageQueueEvent.scala
index 391d081..b9a824a 100644
--- a/domain/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/domain/StorageQueueEvent.scala
+++ b/domain/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/domain/StorageQueueEvent.scala
@@ -2,9 +2,6 @@ package net.kemitix.thorp.domain
 
 sealed trait StorageQueueEvent {
 
-  // the remote key that was uploaded, deleted or otherwise updated by the action
-  def remoteKey: RemoteKey
-
   val order: Int
 
 }
@@ -32,6 +29,10 @@ object StorageQueueEvent {
     override val order: Int = 10
   }
 
+  final case class ShutdownQueueEvent() extends StorageQueueEvent {
+    override val order: Int = 99
+  }
+
   implicit def ord[A <: StorageQueueEvent]: Ordering[A] = Ordering.by(_.order)
 
 }
diff --git a/storage-api/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/storage/api/StorageService.scala b/storage-api/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/storage/api/StorageService.scala
index 4c67890..a21d830 100644
--- a/storage-api/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/storage/api/StorageService.scala
+++ b/storage-api/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/storage/api/StorageService.scala
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import net.kemitix.thorp.domain._
 
 trait StorageService {
 
+  def shutdown: IO[StorageQueueEvent]
+
   def listObjects(bucket: Bucket,
                   prefix: RemoteKey): EitherT[IO, String, S3ObjectsData]
 
diff --git a/storage-aws/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/storage/aws/S3StorageService.scala b/storage-aws/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/storage/aws/S3StorageService.scala
index 35938c6..187e79e 100644
--- a/storage-aws/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/storage/aws/S3StorageService.scala
+++ b/storage-aws/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/storage/aws/S3StorageService.scala
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import cats.data.EitherT
 import cats.effect.IO
 import com.amazonaws.services.s3.AmazonS3
 import com.amazonaws.services.s3.transfer.TransferManager
+import net.kemitix.thorp.domain.StorageQueueEvent.ShutdownQueueEvent
 import net.kemitix.thorp.domain._
 import net.kemitix.thorp.storage.api.StorageService
 
@@ -36,4 +37,11 @@ class S3StorageService(amazonS3Client: => AmazonS3,
                       remoteKey: RemoteKey): IO[StorageQueueEvent] =
     deleter.delete(bucket, remoteKey)
 
+  override def shutdown: IO[StorageQueueEvent] =
+    IO {
+      amazonS3TransferManager.shutdownNow(true)
+      amazonS3Client.shutdown()
+      ShutdownQueueEvent()
+    }
+
 }
diff --git a/storage-aws/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/storage/aws/S3StorageServiceBuilder.scala b/storage-aws/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/storage/aws/S3StorageServiceBuilder.scala
index bcdfcaa..064c942 100644
--- a/storage-aws/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/storage/aws/S3StorageServiceBuilder.scala
+++ b/storage-aws/src/main/scala/net/kemitix/thorp/storage/aws/S3StorageServiceBuilder.scala
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package net.kemitix.thorp.storage.aws
 
+import cats.effect.IO
 import com.amazonaws.services.s3.transfer.{TransferManager, TransferManagerBuilder}
 import com.amazonaws.services.s3.{AmazonS3, AmazonS3ClientBuilder}
 import net.kemitix.thorp.storage.api.StorageService
@@ -10,7 +11,11 @@ object S3StorageServiceBuilder {
                     amazonS3TransferManager: TransferManager): StorageService =
     new S3StorageService(amazonS3Client, amazonS3TransferManager)
 
-  def defaultStorageService: StorageService =
-    createService(AmazonS3ClientBuilder.defaultClient, TransferManagerBuilder.defaultTransferManager)
+  def defaultStorageService: IO[StorageService] =
+    IO {
+      createService(
+        AmazonS3ClientBuilder.defaultClient,
+        TransferManagerBuilder.defaultTransferManager)
+    }
 
 }